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Effect Modification between Genes and Environment and Parkinson’s Disease Risk

September 24, 2022

Training and Networking Working Group

Effect modification between genes and environment, and Parkinson's disease risk

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Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a complex neurodegenerative condition in which genetic and environmental factors interact to contribute to its etiology. Remarkable progress has been made in deciphering disease etiology through genetic approaches, but there is limited data about how environmental and genetic factors interact to modify penetrance, risk, and disease severity. Here, we provide insights into environmental modifiers of PD, discussing precedents from other neurological and non‐neurological conditions. Based on these examples, we outline genetic and environmental factors contributing to PD and review potential environmental modifiers of penetrance and clinical variability in monogenic and idiopathic PD. We also highlight the potential challenges and propose how future studies might tackle these important questions.

Training and Networking Working Group

The Training and Networking working group promotes training and networking throughout the GP2 project.
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Meet the authors

Postdoctoral research fellow, Visiting research fellow

Maria Teresa Periñan, PhD

Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Queen Mary University of London | Seville, Spain

Postdoctoral research fellow, Visiting research fellow

Kajsa Atterling Brolin, PhD

Lund University, Queen Mary University of London | Lund, Sweden

Staff Scientist

Sara Bandres-Ciga, PharmD,PhD

National Institutes of Health | USA

GP2 Co-PI and Co-Lead

Cornelis Blauwendraat, PhD

Coalition for Aligning Science | USA

Monogenic Hub lead

Christine Klein, MD

University of Luebeck | Germany

Assistant Professor

Ziv Gan-Or, MD, PhD

McGill | Canada

Co-PI and Co-Lead

Andrew B Singleton, PhD

GP2 | Bethesda, MD, USA

Senior Lecturer

Maria Swanberg, PhD

Lund University | Lund, Sweden

Principal Investigator

Pablo Mir, MD, PhD

Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS) | Seville, Spain

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